I have been looking for higher safe yields in Europe and the US for some time now and also expected a growth improvement of net-commodity consuming developed markets vs. the rest of the world. In early July I concluded (see: H213: Limited systemic risks, low inflation & relative DM vs. EM growth improvement): "Those countries and markets which have been supported heavily by capital flowing out
of the US and Europe (i.e. commodities, EMs) are most at risk of a significant underperformance
as the combination of weakening fundamentals and the potential for a tighter
monetary environment amid capital outflows demand its toll. On the other side,
US, Europe and Japan should see a supportive mix of improving growth and an
ongoing growth supportive monetary environment. In turn, risky assets and
currencies of the EM/commodity producing world should continue to be sold on
uptics whereas developed markets’ risky assets as well as US/European fx should
be bought on dips. However, safe nominal and real yields have seen their lows
and moved back on a rising path, especially in the US. "
This conclusion remains fully valid and the current market movements (higher nominal yields, higher risky asset prices and higher currencies in the Eurozone, UK and the US on the one side, lower currencies and risky asset prices in EM and commodity producing countries on the other) promise to run significantly further.
To escape the US Great Recession and the sovereign
debt crisis in Europe, capital has flown into emerging markets and commodity
producing countries in previous years. It helped fuel growth, inflation and
indebtedness and thereby lead to worsening fundamentals in the capital receiving
countries. As systemic Eurozone risks have abated, growth in Europe and the US is
improving and real yields are rising, this capital is now flowing back, exposing an environment of worsened fundamentals in the EM/Commodity producing countries.
Even though their currencies are plummeting, the
capital outflow constitutes a net monetary tightening in the affected emerging
economies as credit availability shrinks and rates are rising. Moreover,
several emerging markets face the problem that a lower external value of their
currencies translates mainly into higher inflation and not higher external competitiveness.
In order to prevent further capital outflows, some countries have already
reverted to rate hikes (thereby further tightening monetary conditions) and/or
started to buy their own currency with the help of foreign reserves (which,
however, tends to reduce liquidity in the domestic financial system). Also the
currencies of developed market commodity producers (i.e. NOK, AUD, CAD) continue
to be at risk. These countries see a deterioration of their fundamental outlook
amid the end of the commodities super cycle. Furthermore, they have been at the
receiving end of large sums of capital flowing out of the Eurozone and the US
as well which now might increasingly flow back. Finally, they were also
beneficiaries as central banks increasingly diversified their reserve
currencies over the past years. As reserve accumulation goes into reverse, though,
this support evaporates. Hence also in this case fundamentals suggest a
deteriorating environment. The difference to emerging markets is that the
respective central banks tend to accept the lower external value of the
currency and can even react with rate cuts as for example in the case of
Australia. As a result, instead of performing pro-cyclical policies into the
slowdown as in a number of emerging markets, they have the ability to enact
counter-cyclical measures. Nonetheless, as growth is weakening and capital is
flowing out, there is more currency weakness in store.
For the Eurozone, the UK and the US the
reversal of capital flows constitutes monetary easing and should lead to an
improvement in credit availability over the medium term. Therefore it
counteracts the growth negative effects from higher yields and higher
trade-weighted exchange rates. In turn, the trends of higher yields and
stronger currencies promise to run further on a strategic time
horizon (i.e. on a 6-9m view to Q1-Q2 2014) and the respective strategic positioning
(shorts in safe bonds, longs in EUR,GBP,USD) should be maintained. Spreads of higher-yielding semi-cores and peripheral bonds
should see a sideways to tighter trading environment given that higher growth improves
their creditworthiness amid a better outlook for the debt-GDP trajectory.
However, the dislocations in emerging
financial markets have the potential (via weaker growth and weaker currencies) to
lead to lower export demand for the developed markets and might in conjunction
with fears surrounding the Fed’s tapering temporarily lead to higher risk
aversion. Within fixed income, this could potentially have the largest effects
on corporate bonds. For one, a large number of corporates has profited
significantly from the booming emerging and commodity producing countries. Furthermore,
corporate bonds in general have been in good demand over the past years as a
means to escape the sovereign debt crisis. Hence, risks are for a partial
reversal of these flows and sovereign bonds should be preferred to corporate bonds.
Friday, August 23, 2013
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